Methodology & Sources
What this tool does
It calculates the total estimated economic cost of a route from explicit, editable assumptions — it never quotes an executable price and never claims a rail's SLA, cutoff, or fee without a labeled source.
Cost formula
total_cost_send_ccy = fixed_fees + variable_fees + intermediary_fees + fx_spread_cost + liquidity_cost + network_fee + on_ramp_fee + off_ramp_fee + slippage_cost + operational_cost + expected_delay_cost variable_fees = amount × variable_fee_rate fx_spread_cost = amount × fx_spread_rate liquidity_cost = prefunded_amount × annual_funding_rate × prefunding_hours / 8760 operational_cost = manual_hours × internal_hourly_cost expected_delay_cost= amount × annual_funding_rate × expected_delay_hours / 8760
Fee convention (fees added on top of the transfer vs. deducted from the principal) is set explicitly per route and applied exactly once — never both, to avoid double counting.
Security & data handling
This is a calculator, not a payment rail — so its real risk surface is data handling, not transaction security. What that means concretely:
- Every calculation runs in your browser. There is no backend in this prototype, so there is no server-side store of your negotiated rates to breach.
- Scenario export/import is a local file (JSON) you download and reopen yourself — it never touches a network request.
- Evidence you attach to an assumption (e.g., a rate sheet) is referenced through a browser Object URL and is never uploaded anywhere. It does not survive a page reload, and it is stripped automatically if you export the scenario.
- Do not attach or type in real account numbers, beneficiary names, or other personal data — the tool does not need them and is not built to protect them.
- If this evolves into a version with saved accounts or shared workspaces, that is a materially different security tier — encryption at rest, access control, audit logging — and should go through legal/security review before shipping, not be treated as an incremental UI feature.
Limitations
- No real fee, spread, cutoff, or rail availability is embedded — every figure is a demo or user assumption, badged as such.
- Holiday and non-business-day calendars are not hardcoded; you supply them, because we do not assert an official calendar without a verified source.
- This is not financial, legal, tax, FX, or regulatory advice, and not a quote you can execute against.
- Negotiated institutional pricing is not public by definition — the tool asks you to supply it rather than guessing.
Primary sources consulted for this prototype
- Cross-border payments — Financial Stability Board (FSB)
- Cross-border payments programme — BIS / CPMI
- Project Nexus — BIS Innovation Hub
- ISO 20022 for financial institutions — SWIFT
- Removal of unstructured addresses — SWIFT
- FedNow FAQ — Federal Reserve
- FedNow overview — Federal Reserve
- Pix — Banco Central do Brasil
- Sistema de Pagamentos Instantâneos (SPI) — Banco Central do Brasil
- Sistemas de pago — Banco de México
- Sistemas de pago — Banco de la República (Colombia)
- Sistemas de pagos — Banco Central de Chile
- Money services business (MSB) registration — FinCEN
- Application of FinCEN's regulations to persons administering convertible virtual currency — FinCEN